Explosives and fireworks

Fireworks are explosives and must be used with caution. A simple sparkler can reach a temperature of up to 2000°C. That's over 15 times the boiling point of water. A rocket can reach 150 miles an hour and are the most common cause of firework injuries.

• only buy fireworks marked BS EN 15947
• don't drink alcohol if setting off fireworks
• keep fireworks in a closed box
• follow the instructions on each firework
• light at arm's length, using a taper
• stand well back
• never go near a firework that has been lit. Even if it hasn't gone off, it could still explode
• never put fireworks in your pocket or throw them
• always supervise children around fireworks
• light sparklers one at a time and wear gloves
• never give sparklers to a child under five
• Keep pets indoors

If you're planning your own celebration using fireworks, make sure it is safe and doesn't break the law. The Department for Communities and Local Government has produced a guide for communities organising bonfires and firework displays (opens new window).

There are usually organised firework displays, particularly around 5 November. Details of organised displays in Wiltshire are usually printed within local newspapers and local websites.

If you're planning on organising a firework display for the general public, you also need to know your responsibilities to the public and any other staff working with you. Guidance on firework displays can be found on the fireworks page of the Health and Safety Executive (opens new window).

Suppliers of 'adult fireworks' will require a licence to sell fireworks unless sales are only taking place:

• on the first day of Chinese New Year and the three days immediately preceding it
• on the day of Diwali and the three days immediately preceding it
• during the period beginning on 15 October and ending on 10 November
• during the period beginning on 26 December and ending on 31 December

Any applications for licenses should be made to the Public Protection Service at County Hall Trowbridge. There will be a fee to pay and the licence may be refused or revoked at any time.

Fireworks are classified under British Standard EN 15947 into the following categories:

• Category 1 - fireworks suitable for use inside domestic buildings (indoor fireworks),
• Category 2 - fireworks suitable for outdoor use in relatively confined area (garden fireworks),
• Category 3 - fireworks suitable for outdoor use in large open spaces (private display fireworks),
• Category 4 - fireworks not intended for sale to the general public (professional display fireworks).

The Fireworks Regulations 2004 refer to 'adult fireworks', which are all fireworks with the exception of category 1 fireworks and category 2 sparklers

The following fireworks are banned from sale to the general public:

• small bangers
• large bangers, including batteries such as Chinese Crackers and combinations containing any type of banger
• mini-rockets
• aerial maroons, aerial shells, shell-in-mortars and maroon-in-mortars
• any firework with erratic flight, for example squibs, jumping crackers and helicopters

Pets hate bangs and flashes and get very frightened on fireworks night. So keep all your pets indoors and close all the curtains to make things calmer. Remember it's not just your own fireworks that cause distress, so you may need to have your pets indoors on several nights when other displays are taking place.

Protect your pet when fireworks are around by following the RSPCA's animal-friendly firework code (opens new window).

Dogs

• Exercise your dog during the day
• Never walk your dog while fireworks are being let off
• As with cats, keep your dog indoors, close the curtains and play music or turn on the television to drown out the noise
• Let your dog hide if it wants to take refuge under furniture or in a corner
• Make sure your dog is wearing a collar and tag and is microchipped in case it bolts and becomes lost

Cats

• Keep your cat indoors
• Close all windows and curtains and switch on music or the television to drown out the noise
• Leave your cat to take refuge in a corner if it wishes. Do not try to tempt it out as this could cause more stress
• Make sure your cat is microchipped to ensure it can be returned to you if it escapes and becomes lost

GOV.UK: Pyrotechnic Articles (Safety) Regulations 2015: Great Britain (opens new window)

The Regulations:

• prohibit the supply of category 2 (outdoor use - confined areas) and category 3 (outdoor use - large open areas) fireworks to any person under the age of 18
• prohibit the supply of category 1 (indoor use low hazard low noise - party poppers etc) fireworks to any person under the age of 16

An exception is made for Christmas crackers, which must not be supplied to any person under the age of 12 while caps for toy guns are exempt from fireworks legislation.

These regulations are made under the Fireworks Act 2003 (opens new window) and the Consumer Protection Act 1987 (opens new window). They aim to regulate the use of fireworks in order to reduce noise, nuisance and anti-social use of fireworks and are enforced by the Police (opens new window).

From 7 August 2004, Regulation 7 of the Fireworks Regulations 2004 came into effect, which means that it is now a criminal offence to use 'adult fireworks' during the night hours of 11.00 pm to 7.00 am, except on  'permitted firework nights', which are:

• 11pm to 1am - Chinese New Year
• 11pm to 12 midnight - 5 November
• 11pm to 1am - Day of Diwali
• 11pm to 1am - 31 December, New Year's Eve

Anyone breaching these times faces, upon conviction, a fine of up to £5,000 or six months imprisonment.

These regulations also:

• prohibit the supply of very loud fireworks, i.e. over 120 decibels
• prohibit anyone under 18 from possessing "adult fireworks"   (excludes sparklers, party poppers) in a public place
• ban the sale of fireworks to anyone under the age of 18 years (except for party poppers, cracker snaps, paper caps, serpents, sparklers, throw-downs or novelty matches)
• ban anyone other than professionals from possessing display fireworks
• require compulsory training for people operating public fireworks displays
• provide labelling requirements for fireworks
• place a licence requirement on those selling fireworks. The licence may be refused or revoked if the retailers act inappropriately

Under the Environmental Protection Act 1990 (opens new window), we can issue a noise abatement notice if we think firework noise is a statutory noise nuisance. However, in practice, it is very difficult to take action in relation to the use of fireworks. This is because noise from fireworks is short lived and it can be very difficult to prove the source. Furthermore, we have to judge the noise from each individual property as a separate case. A single event from one property within the curfew times will not amount to a statutory nuisance. However, regular and frequent use of fireworks at the same location could amount to a statutory nuisance.